mysql

原文涵盖的主题

• MySQL
• Quick Start
• When to Use
• Best Practices
• Schema
• Indexing
• Performance
• Operations

Designing and operating MySQL databases. Relational data with strong consistency Web application backends (read-heavy) Transactions and standard SQL Proven operational tooling Use InnoDB (default) for transactions and FK Choose column types deliberately (INT, VARCHAR, DATETIME) Use utf8mb4 for full Unicode Normalize core; denormalize for hot reads Index columns used in WHERE/JOIN/ORDER BY Leftmost-prefix rule for composite indexes Cover frequently used columns to avoid lookups Avoid functions on indexed columns in WHERE Use EXPLAIN to read query plans Batch inserts; avoid row-by-row in loops Set innodbbufferpoolsize for cache Use connection pooling in apps Enable binary logging for replication/backup Use a replica for reads when needed Set maxconnections and monitor slow queries Back up with mysqldump or Percona tools 1. Model entities; choose column types and charset. 2. Write DDL with keys, indexes, and constraints. 3. Migrate with a versioned tool (Flyway/Alembic). 4. Add indexes for real query patterns. 5. Run EXPLAIN on hot queries. 6. Tune InnoDB and connection pooling. 7. Set up replication and backups. 8. Monitor slow queries and lock waits. 1. Schema applies cleanly via mi

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